Catalogue section 3.13
Road identification signs (S-400–S-450)
They identify the road by its number or name.
How to recognise them: A shield or box carrying the road's number or name.
How this group is laid out
These signs do not tell you where to go but which road you are on. The regulation describes them as a number, written in figures, letters or both, or a name, framed in a rectangle or a shield, and each sign belongs to one network and one road type. S-400 identifies a route on the international "E" network. S-410 is the one for motorways and autovías, and its definition sets a rule: no road without the features of a motorway or autovía may be identified with the letter A. If the road belongs to a regional government, its initials may be added; if it is a ring road or bypass, the A may be replaced by letters for the city, following the code set by the Ministry of Public Works. S-410a identifies a toll motorway, with the same naming rules.
The others identify roads that are neither motorways nor autovías: S-420 those on the state network, and S-430, S-440 and S-450 those of the first, second and third level on a network other than the state's.
How to tell them apart
Signs in this group that look alike, and what separates them according to their definitions.
S-410
S-410aS-410 identifies a motorway or autovía; S-410a a toll motorway. Toll motorways belonging to a regional government follow the same naming rules as S-410.
S-420
S-430Neither S-420 nor S-430 identifies a motorway or autovía. What changes is the network the road belongs to: the state's on S-420, another one on S-430, which is also a first-level road.
S-430
S-440
S-450All three identify roads on a network other than the state's that are neither motorways nor autovías, and only the level changes: first on S-430, second on S-440 and third on S-450.
7 signs

S-400
International “E” route
Identifies a route on the international “E” network.

S-410
Motorway or dual carriageway
Identifies a motorway or dual carriageway. Where it belongs to a regional government, the region's letters may be added after the letter A and its number, or above the sign on a supplementary panel. No road without the characteristics of a motorway or dual carriageway may be identified with the letter A. Where the road is a ring road or bypass, the letter A may be replaced by the letters of the city, under the code the Ministry lays down for it.

S-410a
Toll motorway
Identifies a toll motorway. Toll motorways belonging to a regional government are named under the same rules as sign S-410.

S-420
State-network conventional or multi-lane road
Identifies a road on the state network that is neither a motorway nor a dual carriageway.

S-430
First-level road outside the state network
Identifies a first-level road, other than a motorway or dual carriageway, belonging to a network other than the state's.

S-440
Second-level road outside the state network
Identifies a second-level road, other than a motorway or dual carriageway, belonging to a network other than the state's.

S-450
Third-level road outside the state network
Identifies a third-level road, other than a motorway or dual carriageway, belonging to a network other than the state's.
The definitions in the list follow the regulation's Spanish text. The introduction and the comparisons are ours.
Source: Reglamento General de Circulación — Anexo I, apartado 5: Catálogo oficial de señales de la circulación y marcas viales (Catálogo de señales verticales, tomo I) · Anexo I, apartado 5 (Catálogo de señales verticales de circulación, tomo I)
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Other sign categories
- Danger warning signs58
- Priority signs6
- Entry prohibition signs21
- Passage restriction signs6
- Other prohibition and restriction signs20
- Obligation signs33
- End of prohibition, restriction or obligation signs17
- General indication signs70
- Lane signs42
- Service signs34
- Advance direction signs27
- Direction signs28
- Location signs25
- Confirmation signs3
- Urban-specific signs8
- Supplementary panels24
- Other signs26
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